How Long Do Locator Abutments Last?
Implant overdentures have been in use for more than three decades as an excellent tooth-replacement solution. Numerous studies have demonstrated that implant-supported overdentures provide patients with increased retention and stability. As a result, they have a significant improvement in their quality of life and function of their teeth.
Several different types of attachment systems can be used to support implant overdentures. This includes bar and clip or individual attachments, which offer improved retention. One type of individual attachment is the locator. While the overall design of the locator abutment has changed over time, it was originally developed to aid dentists in addressing the damage that can be caused by an improper fit of overdentures. The locator also allows the dentist in customizing the levels of retention use based on the patient’s individual needs.
Locator abutments have been a staple in removable prosthodontics because they are an effective and cost-effective solution compared to fixed implant-supported restorations. Significant improvements in the design of locator abutments and their attachment elements give the treatment a high rate of success. The placement of the abutment and attachment is also relatively easy for the dentist.
Unfortunately, there are some mechanical complications which must be addressed to prevent failure. Mechanical complications can include the loss of retention, and the need to repair the denture base or teeth. The most common complication associated with the implant-supported overdenture is wear. When this occurs, the device must be replaced.
There are very few published guidelines for when to replace abutments. In addition, there is limited clinical research which has been completed to determine the recommended intervals.
One recent study recommended that locator abutments should be replaced about every three years. While this guideline may not apply to every patient, it can be a good general guideline to follow. Fortunately the repair and replacement of a locator abutment is not time consuming and the cost is low. Many of the maintenance procedures can be completed chair side with a short appointment. It is important for dental professionals to educate patients on the need for ongoing maintenance during the installation of the device.
Many dentists like to see patients approximately 12 months following the placement of their overdenture to ensure correct retention levels. This follow up appointment is also helpful to ensure the patient is properly cleaning the prostheses and abutments. It is also important to check tissue and implant health during the follow up visit. It is recommend to change prosthetic inserts at the 12 month recall appointment.
Specific intervals for long-term care of the prostheses and locator abutment should be determined for each patient. Long-term maintenance of the locator includes following good oral hygiene practices. This includes a visit to the dentist about every 6-12 months for an examination and professional cleaning. In some cases, overdenture patients do not have any remaining teeth and do not feel the need to make regular visits to the dentist. Annual recall visits are still recommended for overdenture patients. While the patient may not have any remaining natural teeth, it is critical to ensure they have good oral health. These appointments also ensure that any issues are addressed in a timely manner.
During the patent’s routine or emergency appointments, it is important for the dentist to evaluate both the denture and abutments. Retention issues are often caused by worn out inserts or the accumulation of food near the abutments. The retention of the prosthesis is enhanced through proper cleaning in addition to flushing out calculus and removing any food debris from the abutment. This can even prevent the need to change out inserts.
Patients with implant-supported overdentures should follow their dentist’s recommendations for ongoing maintenance of the device.